منابع مشابه
Playing with sandpiles
The Bak–Tang–Wiesenfeld sandpile model provides a simple and elegant system with which to demonstrate self-organized criticality. This model has rather remarkable mathematical properties 0rst elucidated by Dhar. I demonstrate some of these properties graphically with a simple computer simulation. Published by Elsevier B.V.
متن کاملSandpiles with height restrictions.
We study stochastic sandpile models with a height restriction in one and two dimensions. A site can topple if it has a height of two, as in Manna's model, but, in contrast to previously studied sandpiles, here the height (or number of particles per site), cannot exceed two. This yields a considerable simplification over the unrestricted case, in which the number of states per site is unbounded....
متن کاملLadder Sandpiles
We study Abelian sandpiles on graphs of the form G×I, where G is an arbitrary finite connected graph, and I ⊂ Z is a finite interval. We show that for any fixed G with at least two vertices, the stationary measures μI = μG×I have two extremal weak limit points as I ↑ Z. The extremal limits are the only ergodic measures of maximum entropy on the set of infinite recurrent configurations. We show ...
متن کاملSandpiles and Dominos
We consider the subgroup of the abelian sandpile group of the grid graph consisting of configurations of sand that are symmetric with respect to central vertical and horizontal axes. We show that the size of this group is (i) the number of domino tilings of a corresponding weighted rectangular checkerboard; (ii) a product of special values of Chebyshev polynomials; and (iii) a double-product wh...
متن کاملUniversality in sandpiles
Alessandro Chessa, H. Eugene Stanley, Alessandro Vespignani, and Stefano Zapperi Dipartimento di Fisica and Unitá INFM, Universitá di Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy Center for Polymer Studies and Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), P.O. Box 586, 34100 Trieste, Italy PMMH-ESPC...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
سال: 2004
ISSN: 0378-4371
DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2004.05.063